Egypt

Official Name: Arab Republic of Egypt (Since 11th November, 1971) Jumhuriyat Misr al-Arabiyah in Arabic 

Data code: Egypt                                                                                                                           

Government Type:  Republic

Location: Officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, a country in north-eastern Africa bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, North-east to Israel and the Red Sea to the east, Sudan to the south, and Libya to the west. The principal geographic feature of the country is the Nile River.

Area:  3,86,650 sq mile (997,739 sq km)

Land:  995,450 sq km

Water:  6,000 sq km

Capital: Cairo (Al-kahera in Arabic)

Cities:  Cairo, Alexandria, Port Said, Suez, Ismailia, Aswan.

Boarder Area:  2,665 km  border countries: Gaza Strip 11 km, Israel 266 km, Libya 1,115 km, Sudan 1,273 km

Coastline: 2,450 km

Geographic coordinates: 27 00 N, 30 00 E

Lowest point: Qattara Depression -133 m

Highest point: Mount Catherine 2,629 m

Terrain: vast desert plateau interrupted by Nile valley and delta

Population: 5,93,12,914(1996), 6,44,5200(2000), 8,13,00000(2010) or 80,471,869 (July 2010 est.)

Sex ration: 1.03 male(s)/female (2010 est.)

Density:  82.3/km2   or     214.4/sq mi

Age structure:   0-14 years: 33% (male 13,308,407/female 12,711,900)

15-64 years: 62.7% (male 25,138,546/female 24,342,230)

65 years and over: 4.3% (male 1,546,774/female 1,818,778) (2010 est.)

Median age :  total: 24 years

male: 23.8 years    

female: 24.3 years (2010 est.)

Population Growth Rate:  1.997% (2010 est.)

Birth Rate: 27.4/1000

Death Rate: 6.4/1000

Life expectancy at birth: 66.95 years  ;  Male: 65.4 years, Female: 69.1 years

Literacy: 63.9 %, Male- 65.3 %,Female- 68.5 %

Language:  Arabic; English is used as official language in Egypt.

Ethnic Groups:  Arabs, koktcian, Nubians

Religion:  Muslims 90%, all are Sunnis. 10% are Christians.

Nationality: noun: Egyptian(s)    adjective: Egyptian

Independence: 28 February 1922 (from UK protectorate status; the revolution that began 23 July 1952 led to a republic being declared on 18 June 1953 and all British troops withdrawn 18 June 1956);

National holiday: Revolution Day, 23 July (1952)

Constitution:

Legislative Branch:

Chief of state: President Hosni Mubarak (Since 13th October 1981 for election of 1987, 1993,1999 and 2005 ), Vice President Abu Sulaiman 

Administrative subdivisions: 29 governorates (muhafazat, singular - muhafazat); Ad Daqahliyah, Al Bahr al Ahmar (Red Sea), Al Buhayrah (El Beheira), Al Fayyum (El Faiyum), Al Gharbiyah, Al Iskandariyah (Alexandria), Al Isma'iliyah (Ismailia), Al Jizah (Giza), Al Minufiyah (El Monofia), Al Minya, Al Qahirah (Cairo), Al Qalyubiyah, Al Uqsur, Al Wadi al Jadid (New Valley), As Suways (Suez), Ash Sharqiyah, Aswan, Asyut, Bani Suwayf (Beni Suef), Bur Sa'id (Port Said), Dumyat (Damietta), Helwan, Janub Sina' (South Sinai), Kafr ash Shaykh, Matruh (Western Desert), Qina (Qena), Shamal Sina' (North Sinai), Sittah Uktubar, Suhaj (Sohag)

Political parties:

International organization participation: ABEDA, AfDB, AFESD, AMF, AU, BSEC (observer), CAEU, CICA, COMESA, D-8, EBRD, FAO, G-15, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, LAS, MIGA, MINURSO, MONUSCO, NAM, OAPEC, OAS (observer), OIC, OIF, OSCE (partner), PCA, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNOCI, UNRWA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

 Flag Description: The standard measure of the national flag of Egypt is 3:2.  three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and black; the national emblem (a gold Eagle of Saladin facing the hoist side with a shield superimposed on its chest above a scroll bearing the name of the country in Arabic) centered in the white band; the band colors derive from the Arab Liberation flag and represent oppression (black), overcome through bloody struggle (red), to be replaced by a bright future (white)

National Symbol:

Weather and Climate: desert; hot, dry summers with moderate winters. There are two seasons in Egypt. Winter starts from November and it ends in April. On the contrary, Summer always starts from May and it comes to end in October. The average rainfall of Egypt is 200 mm or 8 inch in Alexandria. The average temperature in Ehypt at summer is 43 Celsius. In the coastal regions, temperatures range between an average minimum of 14° C in winter and an average maximum of 30° C in summer.

Temperatures vary widely in the inland desert areas, especially in summer, when they may range from 7° C at night to 43° C during the day. During winter, temperatures in the desert fluctuate less dramatically, but they can be as low as 0° C at night and as high as 18° C during the day.

Natural hazards:    periodic droughts; frequent earthquakes; flash floods; landslides; hot, driving windstorm called khamsin occurs in spring; dust storms; sandstorms

Tourism:

Currency:  5, 10, 20, 25, 50 Piastres, 1 Pound, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 Pounds

1 Egyptian pound = 0.169837 U.S. dollars

Natural resources: petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, phosphates, manganese, limestone, gypsum, talc, asbestos, lead, rare earth elements, zinc etc.

Industries: textiles, food processing, tourism, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, hydrocarbons, construction, cement, metals, light manufactures

Agriculture products: cotton, rice, corn, wheat, beans, fruits, vegetables; cattle, water buffalo, sheep, goats

Income of per Capita: 1490 $ (2000)

Economy

GDP: 3,05,771 $

GMP:  95,244 Million $

GDP—per capita: 

GDP—composition by sector:

Population below poverty line:

Labor force:

Labor force—by occupation:

Unemployment rate:

Budget:

Electricity—production: 118.4 billion kWh

Electricity—consumption: 104.1 billion kWh

Electricity—exports: 814 million kWh

Electricity—imports: 251 million kWh

Oil - proved reserves: 680,500 bbl/day

Oil - consumption: 683,000 bbl/day

Oil - exports:  48,450 bbl/day

Oil - production:  89,300 bbl/day

Natural gas - production: 62.7 billion cu m

Natural gas - consumption:  42.5 billion cu m

Natural gas - exports: 8.55 billion cu m

Natural gas - imports:  0 cu m

Exports: $23.09 billion (2009 est.)

Exports—commodities: crude oil and petroleum products, cotton, textiles, metal products, chemicals, processed food

Exports—partners:  US 7.95%, Italy 7.26%, Spain 6.78%, India 6.69%, Saudi Arabia 5.53%, Syria 5.3%, France 4.39%, South Korea 4.27% (2009)

Imports:

Imports—commodities:

Import Partners:

Irrigated Land:

Land in Use:

permanent crops:

other: